Flying-machine



0. P. FROVARP,

-FLY|NG MACHINE. APPLICATION FILEVD SEPT. 20, 1918. 1,372,498. PatentedMar. 22, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

D-RFT' Oval?- 0, P. FROVARP.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION nuzb SEPT. 20. 1918.

Patented Mar. 22, 1921.

PATENT OFFICE.

OLE PE'ITER FROVARP, OF ADAMS, NORTH DAKOTA.

FLYING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented I 22 1921 Application filedSeptember 20, 1918. Serial No. 254,965.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLE P. FROVARP, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Adams, in the county of Walsh and State of North Dakota,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying-Machines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to flying machines, and an object of theinvention is to provide, in a flying machine an arrangement ofpropellers which will materially increase the ascensional efforts of theflying machine, enabling the same to rise in a more perpendicularmanner.

A. further object of this invention is to provide, in a helicopterpropeller, upper and lower sections, each comprising a plurality ofblades radiating from a common center, the pitch of which blades may bevaried to increase the camber of the propeller blades and consequentlyincrease their resistance to the air for augmenting their ascensionalefforts and also to arrange the said blades whereby they may beoperated, to present relatively concave parachute structures to retardthe descent of the flying machine.

Other objects of the invention will appear in the following detaileddescription, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this specification, and in which drawings,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved flying machine.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, on an enlarged scale of one of thehelicopter propellers.

Fig. 3 is a detailed view of a superposed pair of the propeller bladesof one of the helicopter propellers.

Fig. 4 is a detail section on the line 66 of Fig. 2.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 indicates the fuselage ofthe flying machine which is preferably boat shaped, rendering the flyingmachine adaptable for travel over water as well as through the air.

Cowls '17 are carried beneath the upper aerofoil 4 and guide streams ofair from the tractor propellers to the helicopter propellers genericallyindicated by the numeral 20, one of which is positioned behind each pairof tractor propellers.

The helicopter propellers are identical in construction and each'of theminclude a vertical operating shaft 21 which may be connected, in anysuitable manner, such as by beveled gears indicated at 22 to anoperating shaft 23, which latter shaft may be connected to any suitabletype of motor or engine for rotating the shaft 21 and consequentlyrotating the helicopter propellers.

The helicopter propellers each include upper and lower propeller members24: and 25 and these members include a plurality of blades 26 whichradiate from a common center, namely the axis of the vertical opcratingshaft 21. The blades 26 may be con-- structed of any suitable materialand they are reinforced along certain of their edges by reinforcingstrips 27". The blades 26 of the upper propeller 2d are connected to theblades 26 of the lower propeller by struts 28, so that the blades ofthese propeller sections will move in unison. The propeller blades 26are connected to the shaft 21 in any suitable manner, and each of theblades 26 of the lower propeller section has a rod 27 connected theretowhich rod extends downwardly and is connected to the flanges 28 and 29of a slidable collar 30. The collar 30 is slidably mounted upon theshaft 21 and has an operating arm 31 connected thereto for shifting thecollar. When the collar 30 is moved upwardly upon the shaft 21, thepropeller blades 26 will be warped as. indicated in Fig. 3 of thedrawings to vary the transverse angle or pitch of the blades andincrease their air striking surfaces, consequently increasing theagitation of the air and augmenting the ascensional efforts of theflying machine. Through the connecting members 28, the propellers 26 ofthe upper propeller section 24: will be warped in unison with thewarping of the propeller blades 26 of the lower section.

A ring 32 is supported, by suitable brace members 33 which are in turnformed upon and attached to a collar 3st that is swaged upon the shaft21 or otherwise suitably connected to the shaft for rotation therewith.Braces 35 rise from the ring 32 and brace the propeller blades 26 of thelower propeller section 25, at the edges of these blades remote from theedges or corners to which the operating rods 27 are connected, holdingthese edges or corners stationary during the upward or downward movementof the corners to which the operating rods are connected, which resultsin the proper warping of v the propeller blades.

During the rising of the flying machine, the propeller blades 26 arewarped, which augments the action of the helicopter pro pellers andenables the flying machine to rise in a substantially perpendicular pathor at any rate in a more perpendicular path than could be followed byairplanes employing the ordinary tractor or pusher propellers withoutembodying in connection therewith helicopter propellers.

'When the propeller blades26 are in their normal position, or in anun-warped condition, they form substantially concave parachute sectionswhich during the rotation thereofwill assist in retarding the descent ofthe flying machine enabling it to fall or descend gradually Or in caseof accident, such as the breaking down of the motor which operates thetractor propellers or numerous other accidents, the machine will beprevented from disastrous descent by the co-action of the helicopterpropellers when the blades thereof were in their un-warped position,with the remainder of the wing surface of the airplane.

Changes in details may be made without departing from the spirit of thisinvention, but;

I I claim: 7

1. In a flying machine structure. a helicopter propeller comprisingupper and lower propeller sections, each of said sections comprising aplurality of propeller blades radiating from acommon center and normallyhaving all of their edges in the same plane and in close proximity toeach other forming hollow cones with their concave surfaces downwardly,and means for warping said propeller blades .to vary the pitch thereofto increase the air engaging surface of the blades.

2. In a flying machine structure, a helicopter propeller comprisingupper and lower propeller sections, each of said sections co1n prislng aplurality of propeller blades radiating from a common center andnormally having all of their edges in the same plane and in closeproximity to each other forming hollow cones with their concave surfacesdownwardly, and means for warping said propeller blades to vary thepitch thereof to increase the air engaging surface of the blades, andmeans connecting the corresponding blades of said upper and lowersections for warping them in unison.

3. In a flying machine structure, a helicopter propeller comprising acentral vertical standard, a plurality of blades radiating from thelongitudinal axis of said standards, and arranged in upper and lowersets, the edges of said blades in each set normally lying in the sameplane, a reinforcing ring supported from said standards beneath thelowermost set of blades, supports carried by said ring and engaging andconnecting corresponding corners of said blade, and means slidablycarried by said standards and connected to the edges of said bladesother than those connected to said rings for warping the blades to movethe edges which are free from connection with said reinforcing ring outof the plane of the remaining edges to vary the pitch of the blade.

a. In a flying machine structure, a helicopter propeller comprising acentral verti cal standard, a plurality of blades radiating from thelongitudinal axis of said standards, a reinforcing ring supportedbeneath said blade and by said standards, supports carried by said ringsand engaging corresponding outer edge corners of said blade formaintaining the adjacent edges thereto against movement, means slidablycarried by said standards, means connecting said last named means to theedges of said blades remote from those which are connected to said ringfor warping the blades upon sliding movement of said slidable means tovary the pitch of the blades.

OLE PETTER F ROVARP.

